China is a country known for its highly advanced and integrated public transportation system. From highly efficient subways in major cities to convenient ride-hailing services like Didi, every mode of transportation in China is designed to support seamless mobility—not only for locals, but also for foreign travelers.
Exploring China is not just about visiting tourist attractions, but also experiencing firsthand the sophistication of its transportation infrastructure. If you're planning a trip to China, it's important to understand the various transportation options available to you.
High-Speed Rail (HSR)
China boasts one of the largest and most advanced high-speed rail networks in the world, known as Gaotie (高铁) in Mandarin. Since its launch in 2008, the system has expanded rapidly, now connecting over 500 cities across the country with more than 40,000 kilometers of track—the longest in the world.
China’s high-speed trains operate at speeds between 250–350 km/h, using modern technology such as dedicated tracks, automated control systems, and aerodynamic designs for maximum efficiency and comfort.
Popular HSR routes include:
- Beijing – Shanghai (1,300 km in just 4.5 hours)
- Beijing – Xi’an
- Shanghai – Hangzhou – Suzhou – Nanjing
- Guangzhou – Shenzhen – Hong Kong
HSR is also ideal for traveling between major cities and western regions such as Chengdu, Chongqing, and Kunming.
Maglev Train
A cutting-edge innovation in China’s high-speed rail system is the Maglev (magnetic levitation) train, which floats above the tracks using magnetic forces and runs without any wheels touching the rail. With minimal friction, these trains provide an ultra-smooth and quiet ride.
Prototype Maglev trains in China have reached speeds exceeding 600 km/h, although operational speeds are lower for public use. There are currently six Maglev trains in the world—one in Japan, two in South Korea, and three in China.
China operates the world’s first commercial Maglev train, the Shanghai Maglev Train (Shanghai Transrapid), which connects Pudong International Airport (PVG) with Longyang Road Station in the city center. Covering about 30 kilometers, the journey takes only 7–8 minutes, with speeds of up to 431 km/h, making it the fastest commercial passenger train in regular service.
Subway (Metro)
The subway is the most widely used mode of transport in China. As of February 2024, subway systems are operational in 55 cities across China, including major economic and tourism hubs such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Wuhan, Chengdu, Hangzhou, and Zhengzhou.
Examples:
- Shanghai Metro is the longest subway system in the world, with over 800 kilometers of tracks and more than 400 stations.
- Beijing Subway has over 25 lines in operation and serves more than 10 million passengers daily.
These metro systems are designed to connect key commercial areas, tourist attractions, and important city points, offering efficient urban travel. China’s metro systems are among the largest and most advanced in the world.
Bus
Public buses in China are among the most extensive, affordable, and accessible forms of transportation, used by both locals and tourists. Almost every city has a vast network of buses that serve both local routes (city buses) and intercity/long-distance routes.
City buses reach residential areas, business districts, schools, and tourist spots, while intercity routes are served by dedicated bus terminals. Bus services typically operate from 5:30–6:30 AM until around 10:00–11:00 PM, depending on the city and route. Major cities also offer night bus services on key routes.
Didi (Ride-Hailing/Taxis)
Didi Chuxing is an app-based ride-hailing platform that allows users to book vehicles instantly or in advance. It offers a wide range of services, including private cars (like online taxis), regular taxis, premium cars, and carpool options. The app is available in English, making it accessible for international travelers.
Often referred to as "China’s Uber," Didi actually acquired Uber’s operations in China in 2016. With hundreds of millions of users, Didi is the most popular and convenient ride-hailing service in the country.
Didi offers several service options based on your needs and budget:
- Express: The most popular and budget-friendly option, using private cars
- Premier / Luxe: Higher-end cars with more comfort
- Taxi: Book a licensed taxi through the app
- Carpool (Hitch): Share rides with others to save on costs (limited operational hours)
- Women-only rides: A safe option for women with female drivers
With affordable pricing and a variety of services, Didi is a favorite choice for daily mobility or special trips in China.
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