A visa is one of the most important documents needed when traveling abroad. However, not all countries require a visa for passport holders of certain nations.
For some passport holders, several countries either waive visa requirements entirely or offer alternatives such as Visa on Arrival (VoA) or Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA).
While they serve a similar function to a traditional visa, VoA and ETA each have their own characteristics. So, what exactly are VoA and ETA?
What Are Visa on Arrival (VoA) and Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA)?
Although still referred to as a type of visa, Visa on Arrival is an alternative to traditional visas that typically involves a simpler process.
Visa on Arrival (VoA) is a type of visa issued to travelers upon arrival in their destination country. This visa is usually processed at the airport or entry port. Travelers can apply for VoA directly without needing to visit an embassy or consulate beforehand like with traditional visas.
On the other hand, Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) is a travel document that must be applied for online before your trip. It is designed to enhance border security and speed up immigration processes.
Note that not all countries allow VoA or ETA as alternatives to traditional visas. These systems are usually only available to travelers from countries that enjoy visa facilitation agreements.
As of 2024, Indonesian passport holders can access VoA in 29 countries, while only two countries offer ETA to Indonesian citizens. For a full list of countries that offer visa-free or visa-alternative entry for Indonesian passport holders, check out the article linked here.
Countries Offering Visa on Arrival (VoA) for Indonesian Passport Holders
With a VoA, travelers can enter certain countries with just a valid passport. Once they arrive at the destination airport or entry port, they can apply for a VoA and pay the required fee directly.
Below is a list of countries that offer Visa on Arrival for Indonesian passport holders.
Countries Offering ETA for Indonesian Passport Holders
ETA can be obtained online prior to departure, usually through the official website of the destination country or embassy. Some countries also provide ETA services through dedicated apps, such as Australia, Canada, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and New Zealand.
As of now, the two countries that offer ETA for Indonesian passport holders are Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
How to Apply
As mentioned above, the application process for VoA and ETA is different. VoA can only be applied for upon arrival, while ETA must be obtained before traveling.
Here's a detailed breakdown of how to apply for each:
Applying for Visa on Arrival (VoA)
Before Your Trip
- Ensure that your nationality is eligible for VoA in the destination country.
- Prepare required documents: a valid passport, return or onward flight ticket, accommodation details (e.g., hotel booking or invitation letter), and payment method (cash or credit card).
- Research the VoA policy of the destination country, including allowed stay duration, entry purposes, and application fee.
At the Airport
- Upon arrival, go to the VoA counter, usually located near immigration.
- Fill out the application form with details such as full name, birth date, nationality, and travel information.
- Submit all documents and pay the application fee.
- Once approved, the VoA will be affixed to your passport.
- Proceed to immigration with your passport and VoA.
While the VoA process is generally quick, expect delays during peak travel times.
Applying for Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA)
The requirements for ETA are similar to VoA, but the process is done online before your departure:
Prepare Documents
- Valid passport and ID (if needed)
- Personal information: full name, date of birth, nationality, contact info
- Travel details: arrival date, accommodation address
- Credit/debit card for payment
Access the Official ETA Website or App
- Visit the official government or embassy website, or use a dedicated app for ETA application.
- Make sure you use a trusted site to avoid scams.
Fill Out the Online Application Form
- Enter required information: personal details, passport information, travel plans.
- You may also be asked to answer security or health-related questions.
Make Payment
- After completing the form, pay the required fee via the provided method.
- Double-check your information before submitting, as mistakes may result in rejection.
Receive Confirmation
- You’ll receive an email confirmation once your application is submitted.
- Processing time can vary from a few minutes to a few days.
- Once approved, you’ll get your ETA via email—print it or save a digital copy to present at the airport.
Final Tips
Not all countries accept VoA or ETA, so always double-check your destination's entry requirements in advance.
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